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NEW QUESTION 21
In order to effectively test your cloud-native applications, you might utilize separate environments (development, testing, staging, production, etc.). Which Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OC1) service can you use to create and manage your infrastructure?
- A. OCI Resource Manager
- B. OCI API Gateway
- C. OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes
- D. OCI Compute
Answer: A
Explanation:
Resource Manager is an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure service that allows you to automate the process of provisioning your Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resources. Using Terraform, Resource Manager helps you install, configure, and manage resources through the "infrastructure-as-code" model.
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/iaas/Content/ResourceManager/Concepts/resourcemanager.htm
NEW QUESTION 22
What are two of the main reasons you would choose to implement a serverless architecture?
- A. Reduced operational cost
- B. Easier to run long-running operations
- C. Improved In-function state management
- D. No need for integration testing
- E. Automatic horizontal scaling
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
Serverless computing refers to a concept in which the user does not need to manage any server infrastructure at all. The user does not run any servers, but instead deploys the application code to a service provider's platform. The application logic is executed, scaled, and billed on demand, without any costs to the user when the application is idle.
Benefits of the Serverless or FaaS
So far almost every aspect of Serverless or FaaS is discussed in a brief, so let's talk about the pros and cons of using Serverless or FaaS Reduced operational and development cost Serverless or FaaS offers less operational and development cost as it encourages to use third-party services like Auth, Database and etc.
Scaling
Horizontal scaling in Serverless or FaaS is completely automatic, elastic and managed by FaaS provider. If your application needs more requests to be processed in parallel the provider will take of that without you providing any additional configuration.
References:
https://medium.com/@avishwakarma/serverless-or-faas-a-deep-dive-e67908ca69d5
https://qvik.com/news/serverless-faas-computing-costs/
https://pages.awscloud.com/rs/112-TZM-766/images/PTNR_gsc-serverless-ebook_Feb-2019.pdf
NEW QUESTION 23
As a cloud-native developer, you are designing an application that depends on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Object Storage wherever the application is running. Therefore, provisioning of storage buckets should be part of your Kubernetes deployment process for the application. Which should you leverage to meet this requirement?
- A. OCI Container Engine for Kubernetes
- B. Open Service Broker API
- C. OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes
- D. Oracle Functions
Answer: C
Explanation:
Adding OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes to Clusters:
Service brokers offer a catalog of backing services to workloads running on cloud native platforms. The Open Service Broker API is a commonly-used standard for interactions between service brokers and platforms. The Open Service Broker API specification describes a simple set of API endpoints that platforms use to provision, gain access to, and manage service offerings. For more information about the Open Service Broker API, see resources available online including those at openservicebrokerapi.org.
OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes is an implementation of the Open Service Broker API. OCI Service Broker for Kubernetes is specifically for interacting with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services from Kubernetes clusters. It includes three service broker adapters to bind to the following Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services:
-Object Storage
-Autonomous Transaction Processing
-Autonomous Data Warehouse
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/ContEng/Tasks/contengaddingservicebrokers.htm
NEW QUESTION 24
You are a consumer of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Streaming service. Which API should you use to read and process the stream?
- A. ListMessages
- B. GetMessages
- C. ReadMessages
- D. GetObject
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Streaming/Concepts/streamingoverview.htm
NEW QUESTION 25
You are using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (0CI) Resource Manager to manage your infrastructure lifecycle and wish to receive an email each time a Terraform action begins.
How should you use the OCI Events service to do this without writing any code?
- A. Create an OCI Email Delivery configuration with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager Job - Create" condition, and select the email configuration for the corresponding action.
- B. Create an OCI Notification topic and email subscription with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager job - Create" condition, and select the notification topic for the corresponding action.
- C. Create a rule in OCI Events service matching the "Resource Manager Stack - Update" condition. Then select "Action Type: Email" and provide the destination email address.
- D. Create an OCI Notifications topic and email subscription with the destination email address. Then create an OCI Events rule matching "Resource Manager Stack - Update" condition, and select the notification topic for the corresponding action.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Managing Topics and Subscriptions:
1. Create Notifications Topic and Subscription
If a suitable Notifications topic doesn't already exist, then you must log in to the Console as a tenancy administrator and create it. Whether you use an existing topic or create a new one, add an email address as a subscription so that you can monitor that email account for notifications
2. Using the Console to Create a Rule
Use the Console to create a rule with a pattern that matches bucket creation events emitted by Object Storage. Specify the Notifications topic you created as an action to deliver matching events. To test your rule, create a bucket. Object Storage emits an event which triggers the action. Check the email specified in the subscription to receive your notification
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Events/Concepts/eventsgetstarted.htm
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Notification/Tasks/managingtopicsandsubscriptions.htm
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Notification/Concepts/notificationoverview.htm
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Events/Concepts/filterevents.htm
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/ResourceManager/Tasks/managingstacksandjobs.htm
NEW QUESTION 26
With the volume of communication that can happen between different components in cloud-native applications, it is vital to not only test functionality, but also service resiliency.
Which statement is true with regards to service resiliency?
- A. Resiliency is about recovering from failures without downtime or data loss.
- B. Resiliency testing can be only done in a test environment.
- C. Resiliency is about avoiding failures.
- D. A goal of resiliency is not to bring a service to a functioning state after a failure.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Implement resilient applications:
Resiliency is the ability to (recover) from failures and continue to function. It isn't about avoiding failures but accepting the fact that failures will happen and responding to them in a way that avoids downtime or data loss. The goal of resiliency is to return the application to a fully functioning state after a failure.
References:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/microservices/implement-resilient-applications/
NEW QUESTION 27
Which is NOT a supported SDK on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)?
- A. Ruby SDK
- B. .NET SDK
- C. Go SDK
- D. Python SDK
- E. Java SDK
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/sdks.htm
NEW QUESTION 28
You are implementing logging in your services that will be running in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Container Engine for Kubernetes. Which statement describes the appropriate logging approach?
- A. All services log to standard output only.
- B. All services log to an external logging system.
- C. Each service logs to its own log file.
- D. All services log to a shared log file.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Application and systems logs can help you understand what is happening inside your cluster. The logs are particularly useful for debugging problems and monitoring cluster activity. Most modern applications have some kind of logging mechanism; as such, most container engines are likewise designed to support some kind of logging. The easiest and most embraced logging method for containerized applications is to write to the standard output and standard error streams.
Kubernetes also provides cluster-based logging to record container activity into a central logging subsystem. The standard output and standard error output of each container in a Kubernetes cluster can be ingested using an agent like Fluentd running on each node into tools like Elasticsearch and viewed with Kibana. And finally, monitor containers, pods, applications, services, and other components of your cluster. One can use tools such as Prometheus, Grafana, Jaeger for monitoring, visibility, and tracing the cluster.
References:
https://dzone.com/articles/5-best-security-practices-for-kubernetes-and-oracle-kubernetes-engine
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/
https://blogs.oracle.com/developers/5-best-practices-for-kubernetes-security
NEW QUESTION 29
You have two microservices, A and B running in production. Service A relies on APIs from service B.
You want to test changes to service A without deploying all of its dependencies, which includes service B.
Which approach should you take to test service A?
- A. Test against production APIs.
- B. Test the APIs in private environments.
- C. There is no need to explicitly test APIs.
- D. Test using API mocks.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Best Practices: API Mocking:
This is where mocking comes in: instead of developing code with actual external dependencies in place, a mock of those dependencies is created and used instead. Depending on your development needs this mock is made "intelligent" enough to allow you to make the calls you need and get similar results back as you would from the actual component, thus enabling development to move forward without being hindered by eventual unavailability of external systems you depend on The most common term for creating simulated components is mocking, but others are also used, and partly apply to different things; stubbing, simulation, and virtualization. The basic concept is the same - instead of using an actual software component (an API in our case) - a "replacement" version of that API is created and used instead. It behaves as the original API, but lacks many of the functional and non-functional characteristics of the original component. Which term is applicable depends on the degree to which the mock-up corresponds to the actual API:
Stubbing: mostly a placeholder without real functionality
Mocking: basic functionality required for a specific testing or development purpose Simulation: complete functionality for testing or development purposes Virtualization: imulation that is deployed into an operational, manageable and controllable environment
References:
https://docs.oracle.com/en/solutions/build-governance-app-oracle-paas/test-custom-apis.html
https://www.soapui.org/learn/mocking/what-is-api-mocking/
NEW QUESTION 30
You are developing a serverless application with Oracle Functions and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage- Your function needs to read a JSON file object from an Object Storage bucket named "input-bucket" in compartment "qa-compartment". Your corporate security standards mandate the use of Resource Principals for this use case.
Which two statements are needed to implement this use case?
- A. Set up the following dynamic group for your function's OCID: Name: read-file-dg Rule: resource . id = ' ocid1. f nf unc. ocl -phx. aaaaaaaakeaobctakezj z5i4uj j 7g25q7sx5mvr55pms6f 4da !
- B. Set up a policy with the following statement to grant read access to the bucket:
allow dynamic-group read-file-dg to read objects in compartment qa-compartment where target .bucket .name=' input-bucket * - C. Set up a policy to grant all functions read access to the bucket:
allow all functions in compartment qa-compartment to read objects in target.bucket.name='input-bucket' - D. No policies are needed. By default, every function has read access to Object Storage buckets in the tenancy
- E. Set up a policy to grant your user account read access to the bucket:
allow user XYZ to read objects in compartment qa-compartment where target .bucket, name-'input-bucket'
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
When a function you've deployed to Oracle Functions is running, it can access other Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resources. For example:
- You might want a function to get a list of VCNs from the Networking service.
- You might want a function to read data from an Object Storage bucket, perform some operation on the data, and then write the modified data back to the Object Storage bucket.
To enable a function to access another Oracle Cloud Infrastructure resource, you have to include the function in a dynamic group, and then create a policy to grant the dynamic group access to that resource.
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Functions/Tasks/functionsaccessingociresources.htm
NEW QUESTION 31
Which testing approaches is a must for achieving high velocity of deployments and release of cloud-native applications?
- A. Penetration testing
- B. Integration testing
- C. Automated testing
- D. A/B testing
Answer: C
Explanation:
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure provides a number of DevOps tools and plug-ins for working with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure services. These can simplify provisioning and managing infrastructure or enable automated testing and continuous delivery.
A/B Testing
While A/B testing can be combined with either canary or blue-green deployments, it is a very different thing. A/B testing really targets testing the usage behavior of a service or feature and is typically used to validate a hypothesis or to measure two versions of a service or feature and how they stack up against each other in terms of performance, discoverability and usability. A/B testing often leverages feature flags (feature toggles), which allow you to dynamically turn features on and off.
Integration Testing
Integration tests are also known as end-to-end (e2e) tests. These are long-running tests that exercise the system in the way it is intended to be used in production. These are the most valuable tests in demonstrating reliability and thus increasing confidence.
Penetration Testing
Oracle regularly performs penetration and vulnerability testing and security assessments against the Oracle cloud infrastructure, platforms, and applications. These tests are intended to validate and improve the overall security of Oracle Cloud Services.
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/API/Concepts/devopstools.htm
NEW QUESTION 32
Which is NOT a valid option to execute a function deployed on Oracle Functions?
- A. Invoke from Docker CLI
- B. Send a signed HTTP requests to the function's invoke endpoint
- C. Invoke from Fn Project CLI
- D. Invoke from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLI
- E. Trigger by an event in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Events service
Answer: A
Explanation:
You can invoke a function that you've deployed to Oracle Functions in different ways:
Using the Fn Project CLI.
Using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLI.
Using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure SDKs.
Making a signed HTTP request to the function's invoke endpoint. Every function has an invoke endpoint.
Each of the above invokes the function via requests to the API. Any request to the API must be authenticated by including a signature and the OCID of the compartment to which the function belongs in the request header. Such a request is referred to as a 'signed' request. The signature includes Oracle Cloud Infrastructure credentials in an encrypted form.
NEW QUESTION 33
Which two handle Oracle Functions authentication automatically?
- A. cURL
- B. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure SDK
- C. Fn Project CLI
- D. Signed HTTP Request
- E. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLl
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
If you use the Fn Project CLI or the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLI to invoke a function, authentication is handled for you. See Using the Fn Project CLI to Invoke Functions and Using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure CLI to Invoke Functions.
If you use an Oracle Cloud Infrastructure SDK to invoke a function, you can use the SDK to handle authentication. See Using SDKs to Invoke Functions.
If you make a signed HTTP request to a function's invoke endpoint, you'll have to handle authentication yourself by including a signature and the OCID of the compartment to which the function belongs in the request header Fn Project CLI you can create an Fn Project CLI Context to Connect to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and specify --provider oracle This option enables Oracle Functions to perform authentication and authorization using Oracle Cloud Infrastructure request signing, private keys, user groups, and policies that grant permissions to those user groups.
References:
https://blogs.oracle.com/developers/oracle-functions-invoking-functions-automatically-with-cloud-events
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Functions/Tasks/functionsinvokingfunctions.htm
NEW QUESTION 34
You want to push a new image in the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) Registry. Which two actions do you need to perform?
- A. Generate an OCI tag namespace in your repository.
- B. Generate an auth token to complete the authentication via Docker CLI.
- C. Assign an OCI defined tag via OCI CLI to the image.
- D. Assign a tag via Docker CLI to the image.
- E. Generate an API signing key to complete the authentication via Docker CLI.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Pushing Images Using the Docker CLI:
You use the Docker CLI to push images to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry.
To push an image, you first use the docker tag command to create a copy of the local source image as a new image (the new image is actually just a reference to the existing source image). As a name for the new image, you specify the fully qualified path to the target location in Oracle Cloud Registry where you want to push the image, optionally including the name of a repository.
For example, assume you have a local image named acme-web-app:latest. Let's say you want to push this image to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry with a name of acme-web-app:version2.0.test into a repository called project01 in the Ashburn region of the acme-dev tenancy. When you use the docker tag command, you'd name the new image with the fully qualified path to its destination, in the format <region-key>.ocir.io/<tenancy-namespace>/<repo-name>/<image-name>:<tag>. So in this case, you'd name the new image iad.ocir.io/ansh81vru1zp/project01/acme-web-app:version2.0.test. Subsequently, when you use the docker push command, the image's name ensures it is pushed to the correct destination.
To push images to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Registry using the Docker CLI:
If you already have an auth token, go to the next step. Otherwise:
On the Auth Tokens page, click Generate Token.
Enter a friendly description for the auth token. Avoid entering confidential information.
Click Generate Token. The new auth token is displayed.
Copy the auth token immediately to a secure location from where you can retrieve it later, because you won't see the auth token again in the Console.
Close the Generate Token dialog.
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Registry/Tasks/registrypushingimagesusingthedockercli.htm
NEW QUESTION 35
You are developing a polyglot serverless application using Oracle Functions. Which language cannot be used to write your function code?
- A. Java
- B. Python
- C. Node.js
- D. PL/SQL
Answer: D
Explanation:
Overview of Functions:
The serverless and elastic architecture of Oracle Functions means there's no infrastructure administration or software administration for you to perform. You don't provision or maintain compute instances, and operating system software patches and upgrades are applied automatically. Oracle Functions simply ensures your app is highly-available, scalable, secure, and monitored. With Oracle Functions, you can write code in Java, Python, Node, Go, and Ruby (and for advanced use cases, bring your own Dockerfile, and Graal VM). You can then deploy your code, call it directly or trigger it in response to events, and get billed only for the resources consumed during the execution.
References:
https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Functions/Concepts/functionsoverview.htm
NEW QUESTION 36
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